200980  Bikinin

4-((5-Bromo-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-oxobutanoic acid, Arabidopsis GSK-3 Inhibitor, Arabidopsis SHAGGY-related Kinase Inhibitor, GSK-3-like Kinase BIN2 Inhibitor

A cell-permeable nonsteroidal pyridinylamido compound that acts as an ATP-competitive inhibitor against 7 of the 10 Arabidopsis thaliana GSK3's, BIN2 & ASKα/ γ/ε/ζ/ι/θ, but not ASKβ/δ or three other Arabidopsis Ser/Thr kinases, AtMPK4, AtMPK6, and AtAURORA1. The inhibitory activity is plant species-selective, as Bikinin exhibits much reduced activity against human Gsk-3β, Aurora B, Aurora C (45.6%, 69.4%, and 42.8% inhibition, respectively, with 10 µM Bikinin), and little or no activity against 74 other human kinases, nor does it affect GSK-3β-mediated dorsoventral axis formation during Xenopus embryo development. Bikinin at 30 µM is shown to bypass brassinolide (BL) and BRI1 and effectively activate brassinosteroid (BR) signaling responses in Arabidopsis thaliana seedings, including decreased BES1 phosphorylation, increased hypocotyl length, long and bending petioles, blade-shaped, pale-green leaves, as well as reduced lateral root density.